On the mechanical behaviour of additively manufactured metamaterials under dynamic conditions

¹ Department of Materials Science, ETSI de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/ Profesor Aranguren 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
² Research Center for Structural Materials (CIME), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/ Profesor Aranguren 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
³ Department of Aerospace Materials and Manufacturing, ETSI de Aeronaútica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Plaza Cardenal Cisneros 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

^* Corresponding author: rafael.sancho@upm.es

Published online: 9 September 2021

Abstract

High-energy absorption and light-weightiness are two critical properties for impact protection in the aerospace sector. In the past, the use of periodic honeycomb structures or random porous metallic foams were the preferred route to obtain a good specific-energy absorption performance. In recent years, the use of additive manufacturing has increased the design freedom creating a new generation of reticulated and porous materials: the metamaterials or lattice materials. The internal geometries of these lattice structures can be tuned for superior optimal properties, e.g., energyabsorption and density. However, the mechanics of these materials under impact need to be understood with the purpose of mechanical optimisation, and the computational models validated. In this work, we present the experimental compressive behaviour, at room temperature, of two Ti6Al4V lattice structures under static and dynamic conditions. The quasi-static tests were performed by using a universal testing machine while the dynamic tests were conducted at 480s^-1 with a split-Hopkinson bar. In all cases, the deformation process was filmed to analyse the failure. Finally, finiteelement simulations were done, employing the Johnson-Cook model, to describe the response of the alloy. The simulations were able to reflect the failure characteristics of each metamaterial but were not able to describe the macroscopic response due to the differences between the experimental and computational volume fraction.